Irrigation System Basics
Understanding how your irrigation system works can help you maintain it properly and identify problems early. This guide covers the essential components and concepts of residential and commercial irrigation systems.
System Components
- Controller/Timer: The brain of your system that controls when and how long each zone runs.
- Valves: Electric valves that open and close to control water flow to each zone.
- Pipes: Underground PVC or polyethylene pipes that carry water from the valve to the heads.
- Sprinkler Heads: Pop-up or fixed heads that distribute water over your landscape.
- Backflow Preventer: A safety device that prevents irrigation water from flowing back into your drinking water supply.
Watering Best Practices
- Water early in the morning (before 10 AM) to reduce evaporation
- Water deeply but infrequently to encourage deep root growth
- Adjust your schedule seasonally – lawns need less water in cooler months
- Check your system regularly for leaks, broken heads, and coverage issues
Seasonal Care
Spring: Activate your system, check for winter damage, reprogram your controller for warmer weather.
Summer: Monitor for dry spots, increase watering frequency if needed, check heads for clogs.
Fall: Reduce watering as temperatures cool, prepare for winterization.
Winter: Winterize your system to prevent freeze damage.